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Preventing Gum Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: Patient Information

Author's details

  • Dr. Khashau Eleburuike

Reviewer's details

  • Dr Adeyemi, Moshood Folorunsho

Preventing Gum Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: Patient Information

Introduction

Gum diseases, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, are common oral health issues in sub-Saharan Africa. These conditions occur when bacteria in the mouth build up around the gums, leading to inflammation, bleeding, and in severe cases, tooth loss. Contributing factors in the region include limited access to dental care, low awareness of oral hygiene practices, and a diet high in carbohydrates and sugars, which can promote bacterial growth.

Discussion
How to Prevent Gum Diseases
  1. Brush Twice Daily
    Use a fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush to gently brush your teeth and gums twice a day. Ensure that you clean all surfaces of your teeth, especially near the gumline. After brushing your teeth, do not rinse the toothpaste with water. This is most important in places where there is fluoride in portable water. Most drink well water, borehole or other surface water.
  2. Floss Regularly
    Flossing once a day helps remove food particles and plaque from between your teeth and under the gumline where a toothbrush may not reach.
  3. Use Mouthwash
    An antiseptic mouthwash can reduce plaque buildup and bacteria in the mouth. If mouthwash is unavailable, rinsing with saltwater can also be beneficial.
  4. Eat a Balanced Diet
    Reduce sugary foods and drinks, as they can increase the risk of gum disease. Instead, consume fruits and vegetables that provide essential nutrients like vitamin C, which supports gum health.
  5. Regular Dental Check-ups
    Visit a dental clinic at least once a year, if possible. Early detection of gum disease can prevent more severe problems, but it requires access to care. Seek advice from health workers in your area for free or low-cost dental services.
  6. Avoid Tobacco
    Smoking and chewing tobacco are significant risk factors for gum disease. Quitting or reducing tobacco use will not only protect your gums but also improve overall health.
  7. Traditional Oral Care: In some regions, the use of chewing sticks (like miswak) can be effective in maintaining oral hygiene if done properly.

 

Conclusion

Gum diseases can be prevented with good oral hygiene, a healthy diet, and regular dental care. In sub-Saharan Africa, access to dental care may be limited, but simple daily habits like brushing, flossing, and reducing sugar intake can make a significant difference in maintaining healthy gums. By prioritizing oral health, individuals can prevent the pain and long-term damage caused by gum diseases.

 

References
  1. World Health Organization. Oral Health. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health Accessed Nov. 26 2024
  2. Murray JJ, Nunn JH, Steele JG, editors. The prevention of oral disease. Oxford University Press; 2003 Jun 5.
  3. Sotthipoka, K., Thanomsuk, P., Prasopsuk, R., Trairatvorakul, C. and Kasevayuth, K. (2018), “The effects of toothpaste amounts and post-brushing rinsing methods on salivary fluoride retention”, Journal of Health Research, Vol. 32 No. 6, pp. 421-431. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-11-2018-082