Alzheimer’s disease is becoming more common in Sub-Saharan Africa as people live longer. However, awareness remains low, and many people may mistake the symptoms for “normal ageing” or spiritual causes.

Key Points:

• Alzheimer’s is not a normal part of ageing.
• It is a medical condition that needs care and support.
• Many people with dementia in the region go undiagnosed.
• There are limited specialized services for older adults in most African countries.

 Watch out for these warning signs:

• Forgetting recently learned information
• Trouble remembering names or familiar faces
• Difficulty performing everyday tasks (e.g., cooking, paying bills)
• Confusion about time or place
• Poor judgment or decision-making
• Withdrawing from social activities
• Changes in mood or personality

Doctors are still studying the exact causes of Alzheimer’s, but several factors can increase risk:

• Age (risk increases after age 65)
• Family history of dementia
• High blood pressure or diabetes
• Head injuries
• Low education levels
• Poor heart health
• Hearing problems
• Smoking
• Excessive alcohol use
• Physical inactivity
• Unhealthy diet (high sugar and saturated fat)

There is no single test for Alzheimer’s. Health workers use:

• Medical history
• Mental tests
• Brain scans (where available)
• Interviews with family members

While there is no cure, treatment can help manage symptoms:

• Medications may slow memory loss in early stages
• Supportive care, like routines and reminders, helps with daily life
• Counselling for patients and families can reduce stress.

Caring for someone with Alzheimer’s requires patience and understanding. Tips for caregivers:

• Keep a daily routine
• Use simple language and instructions
• Create a safe environment (e.g., remove sharp tools)
• Provide emotional support
• Take breaks and seek help when needed
• Join a support group for experience sharing
• Ensure good lighting to reduce confusion and prevent falls
• Label important areas like bathroom or kitchen, using large, clear signs

Family and community support is essential, especially where formal services are lacking.

• Visit your local health clinic if you notice memory problems.
• Reach out to NGOs or hospitals with geriatric services.
• Talk to community health workers or religious leaders for support and referrals.
• Look for support groups for families dealing with dementia.